Hazards mean anything that can cause a driver to change speed, direction, stop, or even cause harm.

Due to a driver's conduct, typical occurrences, such as a narrow S-curve, a bumpy stretch of the road, and heavy traffic, are likely to occur.

• The driver should always search and scan the road ahead for at least 10-12 seconds.
• As the driver scans the road, they should be able to identify any possible hazards.
• When scanning the road, it is best to follow a pattern.
• Focus on what is ahead on the road and occasionally check the side and rearview mirrors.

These hazards are usually easy to spot. As drivers spend more time driving, they will become easier to identify. They could be an obstacle on the road, a pedestrian, or a stationary vehicle. As they scan the road ahead, the driver can identify these hazards.

Upon identifying these hazards, the driver must make an appropriate decision, including either slowing down, turning, or speeding up, depending on the situation.

Upon deciding, the driver must now safely and responsibly execute their plan/manoeuvre pick a word.

Drivers must take measures to reduce the risk of hitting an animal on the road.

These measures include reducing speed in darkness, rain, and fog, staying alert and driving at a safe speed, watching for shining eyes at the roadside, and using high beams whenever possible and safe to do so.

If you see an animal, slow down and sound your horn, but do not try to drive around the animal, as their movements are unpredictable. Instead, find a safe place to park and observe the animal without leaving your vehicle.

When approaching a construction zone, proceed cautiously and obey all warning signs and people directing traffic. Lower speed limit signs are often posted to reflect increased road hazards, such as construction vehicles, narrowed lanes, and uneven surfaces. Adjust your driving to suit the conditions and watch for workers and construction vehicles on the road.

Pedestrians have the right of way. Drivers should always be mindful of them, especially at night if they are not wearing reflectors. Stay alert and slow down when approaching them.

Additionally, flying objects such as trash or plastic bags can come toward your vehicle while driving. In such cases, stay calm, slow down, and wait for the object to fall back. If a dangerous object like a large piece of metal is coming your way, slow down and change lanes quickly to avoid it.